Amoxicillin trihydrate is used to treat infections caused by bacteria that are sensitive to this antibiotic, particularly strains that do not produce beta-lactamase enzymes. It is commonly prescribed for a variety of bacterial infections, including:

• Ear, nose, and throat infections, such as Otitis media, Sinusitis, Tonsillitis, Pharyngitis, and Laryngitis
• Lower respiratory tract infections, including Pneumonia, Bronchitis, lung abscess, empyema, and Bronchiectasis
• Skin and soft tissue infections, such as Cellulitis, carbuncles, Furunculosis, infected wounds, and abscesses
• Genitourinary tract infections, including Pyelonephritis, Cystitis, and Urethritis
• Certain sexually transmitted infections, such as Gonorrhea
• It may also be used for short-term treatment of dental abscesses.
• In addition, amoxicillin is used in combination with Clarithromycin and Lansoprazole (triple therapy) to treat Helicobacter pylori infection and Duodenal ulcer, helping reduce the risk of ulcer recurrence.

Amoxicillin trihydrate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic belonging to the penicillin group. It is active against many types of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The drug works by blocking the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, which ultimately leads to the destruction of the bacteria. Amoxicillin remains stable in the acidic environment of the stomach and is quickly absorbed after oral administration. Following an oral dose, the highest concentration in the blood is usually reached within 1 to 2 hours. The medicine is then distributed throughout various tissues and body fluids at different concentrations.

Adult: 250 mg three times daily, increasing up to 500 mg three times daily for severe infections.

Children (up to 10 years of age) : 125 mg three times daily, increasing up to 250 mg three times daily for severe infections.

• Severe or recurrent purulent respiratory infection: 3 gm every 12 hours.
• Otitis media: Recommended dose is 1 g three times daily for adult and 40 mg/kg body weight daily in 3 divided doses for children (max. 3 g daily).
• Pneumonia: Recommended dose is 500-1000 mg three times daily.
• Dental abscess: Recommended dose is 3 gm, repeated after 10-12 hours.
• Urinary tract infections: Recommended dose is 3 gm, repeated after 10-12 hours.
• Gonorrhoea: Single dose of 2-3 gm with Probenecid 1 gm is recommended (Probenecid is contraindicated in children under 2 years).
• In renal impairment: it may be necessary to reduce the total daily dosage.

Reconstituted suspension can be administered by adding the required amount of suspension to milk, fruit juice, water. These preparations should then be taken immediately

Concurrent use of Amoxicillin and Probenecid may result in increased and prolonged blood levels of Amoxicillin. Amoxicillin may affect the gut flora, leading to lower estrogen reabsorption and reduced efficacy of combined oral estrogen/progesterone contraceptives. Contraindications Amoxicillin is contraindicated in penicillin hypersensitive patients.

Amoxicillin is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to penicillin.

Side effects are generally mild and temporary. These may include diarrhoea, indigestion, and occasionally skin rash. In rare cases, pseudomembranous colitis has been reported.

Amoxicillin is classified as US FDA Pregnancy Category B. However, there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Since animal reproduction studies do not always predict human response, amoxicillin should be used during pregnancy only when clearly necessary.
Amoxicillin is excreted in human milk; therefore, caution should be exercised when it is administered to breastfeeding mothers.

During treatment, the possibility of superinfection caused by fungal or bacterial pathogens should be considered. If such superinfection occurs, amoxicillin should be discontinued and appropriate treatment should be started.

Broad-spectrum penicillins.

Store in a dry place, protected from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.